THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON BODY MODIFICATION PRACTICES AMONG UNDERGRADUATES.

Abstract

Body modification practices has become increasingly visible among young people
globally, yet its practices and implications in African university settings remain
underexplored. This study examined body modification practices among
undergraduates at Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. It identified
the prevalence and types of body modification, examined the socio-cultural factors
influencing youth engagement, and explored the implications of these practices. A
descriptive survey design was adopted. The population of the study consist of
undergraduates with body modifications. Using purposive sampling, 80
undergraduates aged 18–30 years across faculties were selected. Data were collected
through a structured interview covering demographics, prevalence, motivations, and
socio-cultural implications. Findings revealed that piercings (Mean = 3.13) and
tattoos (Mean = 3.10) were most common, while scarification declined (Mean = 2.44).
Influencing factors included celebrity culture (Mean = 3.08), peer pressure (Mean =
3.05), cultural beliefs (Mean = 2.96), and media exposure (Mean = 2.91).

Body
modification was seen as enhancing identity and cultural pride but also carried
stigma, moral judgment, and professional barriers. Chi-square analysis showed no
significant association between gender and prevalence (χ² = 0.334, p = 0.563).
However, females (M = 3.19, SD = 0.86) were significantly more influenced by peer
pressure than males (M = 2.21, SD = 0.96), t =-4.78, p < 0.001. Body modification
among Nigerian undergraduates is highly prevalent and shaped by globalized
aesthetics, peer dynamics, and cultural traditions. The need for educational
interventions and broader dialogue on the cultural and social dimensions of youth
body practices in Nigeria are therefore recommended.