THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON BODY MODIFICATION PRACTICES AMONG UNDERGRADUATES.

Abstract

Body modification practices has become increasingly visible among young people globally, yet its practices and implications in African university settings remain underexplored. This study examined body modification practices among undergraduates at Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. It identified the prevalence and types of body modification, examined the socio-cultural factors influencing youth engagement, and explored the implications of these practices. A descriptive survey design was adopted. The population of the study consist of undergraduates with body modifications. Using purposive sampling, 80 undergraduates aged 18–30 years across faculties were selected. Data were collected through a structured interview covering demographics, prevalence, motivations, and socio-cultural implications. Findings revealed that piercings (Mean = 3.13) and tattoos (Mean = 3.10) were most common, while scarification declined (Mean = 2.44). Influencing factors included celebrity culture (Mean = 3.08), peer pressure (Mean = 3.05), cultural beliefs (Mean = 2.96), and media exposure (Mean = 2.91). Body modification was seen as enhancing identity and cultural pride but also carried stigma, moral judgment, and professional barriers. Chi-square analysis showed no significant association between gender and prevalence (χ² = 0.334, p = 0.563).

However, females (M = 3.19, SD = 0.86) were significantly more influenced by peer pressure than males (M = 2.21, SD = 0.96), t =-4.78, p < 0.001. Body modification among Nigerian undergraduates is highly prevalent and shaped by globalized aesthetics, peer dynamics, and cultural traditions. The need for educational interventions and broader dialogue on the cultural and social dimensions of youth body practices in Nigeria are therefore recommended.